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1 Pension Reforms in Europe: How Far Have We Come and ...
https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Departmental-Papers-Policy-Papers/Issues/2021/09/10/Pension-Reforms-in-Europe-464651
In the past few decades, a myriad of reforms in Europe have had a significant impact on the way and extent to which public pensions provide ...
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2 Pension reforms in the EU - Economy and Finance
https://economy-finance.ec.europa.eu/eueconomyexplained/graphs-economic-topics/pension-reforms-eu_en
In order to enhance fiscal sustainability, while maintaining adequate pension income, most EU Member States have carried out gradual and substantial pension ...
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3 Recent pension reforms in Europe: More challenges, new ...
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/spol.12712
In very blunt terms, the general direction of pension reforms in Europe has been to contain the rise of public pension spending. Realizing this ...
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4 Rethinking pension systems in Europe for a post-Covid-19 world
https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/rethinking-pension-systems-europe-post-covid-19-world
The past three decades have witnessed reform efforts to contain pension expenditures, the cost of which is born mostly by younger ...
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5 Pension Reform in Europe : Process and Progress
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/15132
The book presents seven papers on the political economy of European pension reform, where clearly, major reforms are needed, to ensure the sustainability of ...
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6 Two Worlds of Pension Reform in Western Europe - jstor
https://www.jstor.org/stable/4150187
Empirically, pension. 399. Page 2. Comparative Politics July 2003 politics and reforms in eight western European countries will be examined. Four have social ...
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7 Pension Reform in Central and Eastern Europe Volume 2 - ILO
https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---europe/---ro-geneva/documents/meetingdocument/wcms_365654.pdf
Cashu, Ilean (2000b): The Politics and Policy Trade-offs of Reforming the Public. Pension System in Post-communist Moldova, Europe-Asia Studies, 52 (4),. 741– ...
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8 Pension Systems in the EU – Some Policy Issues
https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2020/number/2/article/pension-systems-in-the-eu-some-policy-issues.html
Pension reform is high on the agenda almost everywhere in Europe. The contributions to this Forum outline the different pension systems of selected European ...
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9 Spain | A decade of pension reforms and counter-reforms
https://www.bbvaresearch.com/en/publicaciones/spain-a-decade-of-pension-reforms-and-counter-reforms/
Unlike the 2011 and 2013 reforms, the 2021 measures increase the projected deficit of the pension system and pass it on to the State, ...
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10 Spain pushes pension reform, wants people to work longer
https://www.dailysabah.com/business/economy/spain-pushes-pension-reform-wants-people-to-work-longer
Under a planned reform unveiled earlier this month that aims to get more people to work longer, Spain will give cheques worth up to 12,000 euros ...
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11 The Political Economy of Pension Reform in Europe
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123808806000186
Pension reform has become central to the European social policy agenda—first in terms of construction and expansion, then increasingly in terms of ...
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12 Pension Reform in Europe: Process and Progress (Directions ...
https://www.amazon.com/Pension-Reform-Europe-Directions-Development/dp/0821353586
Amazon.com: Pension Reform in Europe: Process and Progress (Directions in Development): 9780821353585: Holzmann, Robert, Orenstein, Mitchell, Rutkowski, ...
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13 Southern Europe and Pension Reform | Cairn.info
https://www.cairn.info/revue-francaise-des-affaires-sociales-2006-5-page-217.htm
Pension Reforms Taking Different Routes: “Parametric” in Spain and ... the three Southern European countries have proceeded with reforming their pension ...
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14 pension reform in europe: what has happened in the wake of ...
https://www.cesifo.org/DocDL/dice-report-2015-2-natali-pension-june.pdf.pdf
This model has been im- plemented in many countries. From the 1980s onwards,. Europe has also seen the spread of pension privatisation. The recent economic and ...
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15 Pension Reforms and the Opinions of European Citizens
https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/abs/10.1257/000282802320191688
that the public pay-as-you-go (PAYG) pension systems in many European countries are unsus- tainable and in need of reform. Yet, such reforms.
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16 Toward a Reformed and Coordinated Pension System in Europe
https://www.euro.centre.org/downloads/detail/775
The need for pension reform in EU and EUA countries1. There are three main reasons why countries of the European Union (EU) and her future.
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17 Macron delays pension reform, unlikely before 2022 election
https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/macron-delays-pension-reform-unlikely-before-2022-election-2021-11-09/
... said on Tuesday that now was not the time to push ahead with pension reform, as a fifth wave of COVID infections took hold in Europe, ...
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18 About: pension reform - EURACTIV.com
https://www.euractiv.com/topics/pension-reform/
The European Commission is still concerned that Romania will go from registering the highest growth in the EU to racking up the biggest budget deficit. But ...
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19 The Changing Public-Private Pension Mix in Europe
https://www.asanet.org/sites/default/files/savvy/sectionchs/documents/Ebbinghaus.pdf
Finally, the more recent pension reforms are considered in respect to their impact on the public-private pension mix, indicating that “path departure” has ...
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20 Pension Reforms in Central and Eastern European Countries ...
https://research.upjohn.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?filename=6&article=1243&context=up_press&type=additional
Social Security and Pension Reform: International Perspectives ... Eastern Europe carried out structural pension reforms, including the.
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21 Entitlement Reforms in Europe: Policy Mixes in the Current ...
https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w18009/w18009.pdf
This paper focuses on the pension reform process in Europe. ... Pension expenditures account for more than half of entitlements in Italy and Greece, ...
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22 Pension systems in south-eastern Europe: what worked and ...
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-international-and-comparative-social-policy/article/pension-systems-in-southeastern-europe-what-worked-and-what-did-not/22FC9EDA2D89D7FDD4A2C3E5B450926D
The experiences of 10 countries are reviewed – seven of which were once part of Yugoslavia. Some countries' reforms were more radical than ...
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23 CHAPTER 4 PENSION SYSTEMS AND REFORMS IN THE ...
https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/ead/pub/993/993_4.pdf
The specific issues of pension schemes and pension reform are then analysed in detail. 4.2 Demographic background. Historically, northern Europe had always ...
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24 The Political Economy of Pension Reform in Europe
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279430460_The_Political_Economy_of_Pension_Reform_in_Europe
Pension reform has become central to the European social policy agenda-first in terms of construction and expansion, then increasingly in ...
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25 France's Macron Aims to Enact Pension Reform by Mid-2023
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-06-03/france-s-macron-aims-to-enact-pension-reform-by-mid-2023
President Emmanuel Macron aims to reform France's pension system by ... The president, who said Europe's energy market can be depended on, ...
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26 Reversals of systemic pension reforms in Central and Eastern ...
https://www.ebrd.com/documents/cse/pension-systems-white2.pdf
Economic output in most of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe was hit harder than the OECD as a whole. Assets in private pensions, however, lost ...
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27 Pension Reform in Europe: Process and Progress, Page 418
https://books.google.com/books/about/Pension_Reform_in_Europe.html?id=_wqKQo0FQCoC
Through the essays assembled in Social Security Pension Reform in Europe, Martin Feldstein and Horst Siebert, along with a number of distinguished ...
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28 1 1 Introduction: Studying Pension Privatization in Europe
https://academic.oup.com/book/34428/chapter/292130548
While the sustainability endeavour was driving much of these pension reforms, the adequacy of retirement income has often been neglected from current public ...
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29 World Bank urges tough pension reform in Europe
http://globalag.igc.org/pension/world/europepension.htm
World Bank urges tough pension reform in Europe. Rueters, May 8, 2003. WASHINGTON, (Reuters) - European countries urgently need to overhaul their pension ...
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30 The “Great Recession” and Pension Policy Change in ...
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-86645-7_30
In the wake of the “Great Recession” and its severe fiscal implications, many European countries enacted significant pension reforms aimed ...
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31 The Right Recipe for Reforming Pensions by Elsa Fornero
https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/right-recipe-for-successful-pension-reform-by-elsa-fornero-2021-12
In the past 25 years, pension reform in Europe has focused on changes that increase the effective retirement age, equalize rules for ...
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32 Justifying a financially and socially sustainable pension reform
https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJSSP-04-2022-0091/full/html
Many countries were planning or implementing pension reforms, and the European Commission recommended to increase the retirement age and ...
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33 9 Pension Reform: Issues in the Netherlands
https://chicago.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.7208/chicago/9780226241913.001.0001/upso-9780226241081-chapter-11
The pension system of the Netherlands consists of three pillars: (1) a state-financed basic pension at minimum ... Social Security Pension Reform in Europe.
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34 Germany's pension system will collapse without reform ...
https://www.cnbc.com/2022/10/31/germanys-pension-system-will-collapse-without-reform-influential-lobby-group-says.html
That 2 percentage point increase is one of the highest forecasted changes in the European Economic Area, beaten only by Ireland and Norway, ...
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35 The Diversity and Causality of Pension Reform Pathways
http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/102554/1/The_Diversity_and_Causality_of_Pension_Reform_Pathways.pdf
By contrast, Greece has been unable to introduce significant pension reforms as institutional legacies have proven far stronger than the EU pressure for change, ...
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36 Retirement dreams, busted - POLITICO.eu
https://www.politico.eu/article/retirement-dreams-busted/
Public pension systems are stretched thin by an aging demographic, ... while in Sweden, pension reform requires cross-party support.
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37 Political Stress and the Sustainability of Funded Pension ...
https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/14/11/525/htm
Furthermore, the anomaly could lead to a pension re-reform back to an unfunded ... fiscal regime requires convergent and reformed European pension systems, ...
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38 Migration with Pension Reform Expectations
https://docs.iza.org/dp11960.pdf
migration decision, pension benefits, pension reforms, ... legally, bilateral agreements or the harmonisation of European pension entitlements matter.
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39 Pension Reform in Europe by Camila Arza; Martin Kohli
https://www.booksamillion.com/p/Pension-Reform-Europe/Camila-Arza/9780415407229
Pension Reform in Europe | This new book provides a cross-country comparative analysis of the key issues shaping the latest pension reforms in Europe: ...
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40 Recent Trends in Pension Reform and Implementation in the ...
https://www.social-protection.org/gimi/RessourcePDF.action;jsessionid=7pgKHQB2V9wI_FDw_bY_v26itm9Sh9-e41Kqsfrv-2RfKcAkopmU!1237561900?id=8382
Recent trends in pension reform and implementation in the EU accession countries. Budapest, International Labour Office, 2003. Pension scheme, social ...
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41 The post-pandemic prognosis for pension systems
https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2022/05/03/the-post-pandemic-prognosis-for-pension-systems/
The most notable case was pension reform trailblazer Chile. ... For example, Dutch and other European pension funds purchased “COVID-bonds” ...
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42 The Role of the European Union in National Pension Reform
https://www.hofstra.edu/pdf/about/administration/provost/hofhrz/hofhrz_f01_dudek.pdf
(EU). Thus, in light of global changes, how have international economic and political forces affected the impetus for pension policy reform?
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43 Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe
https://www.routledge.com/Pension-Reforms-in-Central-Eastern-and-Southeastern-Europe-From-Post-Socialist/Guardiancich/p/book/9781138822214
This book traces and analyzes the legislation and implementation of pension reforms in four Central, Eastern and Southeastern European countries: Croatia, ...
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44 Pension reform in Southeastern Europe : - UN Digital Library
https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/699785?ln=en
Pension reform in Southeastern Europe : linking to labor and financial market reform / editors : Robert Holzmann, Landis MacKellar, Jana Repansek.
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45 Retreat from mandatory pension funds in countries of the ...
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/83345/
All countries are also EU member states and are subject to the European ... Pension Reform in Central and Eastern Europe, ILO, Budapest.
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46 [PDF] Pension reform in Central and Eastern Europe
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Pension-reform-in-Central-and-Eastern-Europe%3A-in-of-Hirose/1f8c7e04c7e0e3b1ec84922980b3f4f26f721c72
The publication reviews the performance of the current pension system in particular during the period of the global economic crisis, ...
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47 Post-covid pension reforms in Europe should focus on ...
https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/comment/post-covid-pension-reforms-in-europe/
The reforms introduced in European pension systems have placed unnecessary burden on younger population. Macroeconomic Influencers - 03 October ...
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48 public pension reform in europe and the usa - Banca d'Italia
https://www.bancaditalia.it/pubblicazioni/altri-atti-convegni/2005-public-expenditure/859-896_francese_franco_tommasino.pdf?language_id=1
PUBLIC PENSION REFORM IN EUROPE AND THE USA. Maura Francese, Daniele Franco and Pietro Tommasino*. 1. Introduction. The reform of pension systems is on the ...
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49 Pension reform in Europe in the 90's and lessons for Latin ...
https://repositorio.cepal.org/handle/11362/5092
Pension systems in Latin America face some of the same problems that Europe's social security systems have faced before but with more difficult financing ...
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50 An Analysis of International Pension Reforms and Supportive ...
https://igees.gov.ie/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/2021.05.12-Drivers-of-Pension-Reform-Final-Draft.pdf
The vast majority of EU and OECD countries have implemented expenditure-reducing pension reforms in the period since. The most common type of expenditure ...
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51 International Update, August 2019 - Social Security
https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/intl_update/2019-08/index.html
Europe. Estonia Reaches Pension Reform Agreement; European Union Introduces Pan-European Personal Pension Product. Asia and the Pacific.
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52 Pension Reform in Germany and Austria: System Change vs ...
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01402380500085830
The 2003 Austrian pension reform, pushed through against major opposition from the labour unions, contains very few elements of policy innovation, but benefits ...
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53 Pension reform in central and eastern Europe
https://library.fes.de/libalt/journals/swetsfulltext/17160715.pdf
Pension reform in central and eastern. Europe: Emerging issues and patterns. Elaine FULTZ* and Markus RUCK*. Central and eastern European (CEE) countries ...
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54 Pension Reform - Poland - U.S. Department of Labor
https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/pension-reform-poland
Pension Reform - Poland. Print. Region. Europe & Eurasia. Country ... Department of Labor's Pension and Welfare Benefits Administration (DOL PWBA).
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55 Assessing the Sustainability of Pension Reforms in Europe
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1717433
Spurred by the ageing transition, many governments have made wide-ranging reforms, dramatically changing Europe's pensions landscape.
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56 Chapter 1. Recent pension reforms - OECD iLibrary
https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/451d8676-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/451d8676-en
Older women often had short careers and lower wages than men's, resulting in low benefit entitlements. In the EU-28, women's average pensions were 25% lower ...
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57 The politics of pension reform : institutions and policy change ...
https://catalog.library.vanderbilt.edu/discovery/fulldisplay/alma991043334445303276/01VAN_INST:vanui
European pension systems are increasingly under pressure. In this book Giuliano Bonoli examines policymakers' efforts to cope in a context where they are ...
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58 how relevant is the pensions OMC to the reform of pension ...
https://etui.org/sites/default/files/chap8_Caroline%20de%20la%20Porte.pdf
Introduction. The pursuit of the internal market project on Member States, pension systems first brought the discussion on pensions to the European level,.
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59 The 2022 Greek pension reform. Rebirth of carve-out ...
https://www.cerp.carloalberto.org/the-2022-greek-pension-reform-rebirth-of-carve-out-privatization-in-eastern-europe/
The 2022 Greek pension reform. Rebirth of carve-out privatization in Eastern Europe. April 4, 2022. by Nikola Altiparmakov; CeRP WP 208/22. Abstract.
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60 PUBLIC OPINION ON PENSION SYSTEMS IN EUROPE
http://aei.pitt.edu/9468/2/9468.pdf
Abstract. Various polls reveal that Europeans, even if aware of the looming pension crisis, generally resist pension reforms. In this research report, ...
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61 Pension reform in Belarus in the shadow of Social Europe
https://www.case-research.eu/en/pension-reform-in-belarus-in-the-shadow-of-social-europe-vulnerability-issues-of-people-ag
Pension reform in Belarus in the shadow of Social Europe: vulnerability issues of people aged 50+ and points for improvement.
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62 Political Risk and Pension Reform in Latin America and ...
http://web.isanet.org/Web/Conferences/FLACSO-ISA%20BuenosAires%202014/Archive/2677a879-ef44-43b9-8359-81d529482d7b.pdf
Central and Eastern European reforms suggests ... shape pension reform after the shift to individual accounts.
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63 Poland's latest pension reform is good for the government ...
https://emerging-europe.com/voices/polands-latest-pension-reform-is-good-for-the-government-bad-for-savers/
Recently announced reforms to Poland's pension system are just the latest in a long line of changes made over the past eight years.
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64 Brussels urges Spain to reform pensions and jobs in return for ...
https://english.elpais.com/economy_and_business/2020-12-08/brussels-urges-spain-to-reform-pensions-and-jobs-in-return-for-eu-funds.html
The European Commission is asking countries to commit to structural changes to address deep-seated problems such as soaring debt and an ...
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65 Pension reform in Europe | An ongoing revolution!
https://axis-finance.com/pension-reform/
It's difficult to understand government pension reform processes. Such reform should be connected to the people it represents.
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66 Pension Reform and the Development of Pension Systems
https://ieg.worldbankgroup.org/sites/default/files/Data/reports/pensions_evaluation.pdf
22 3.2 Several Countries Had High Budget Deficits at the Time of Their. Pension Reform. 24 3.3 Poor Financial Sectors Characterize Some Europe and Central ...
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67 Pension Reform in Europe: Process and Progress
http://pensionreform.ru/files/3015/World%20Bank.%20Pension%20Reform%20in%20Europe.%20Process%20and%20Progress.pdf
Pension Reform in Europe: Process and Progress presents seven papers on the political economy of European pension reform. They are revised.
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68 Pension reforms in eight European countries - EconStor
https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/106399/1/815227388.pdf
The 2008 financial market crisis, followed by the Great. Recession and sovereign debt crises in several EU coun- tries have triggered drastic reforms of ...
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69 Pensions at a Glance 2021: OECD and G20 Indicators
https://www.oecd.org/publications/oecd-pensions-at-a-glance-19991363.htm
The 2021 edition of Pensions at a Glance highlights the pension reforms undertaken by OECD countries over the past two years.
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70 Is Swedish pension reform the right medicine for aging Europe?
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12503328/
by E Palmer · 2002 · Cited by 20 —
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71 Pension reform in Spain: necessary... but sufficient?
https://www.caixabankresearch.com/en/reforma-pensiones-espana-necesaria-y-suficiente
According to projections by the European Commission in 2012, in the absence of reforms the ratio of Social Security contributors to the ...
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72 Reforms to U.S. Pension Funding and Accounting Rules
https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/js4266
... Values and Interest Rates European Institutes Sovereign Funds Roundtable ... The Administration's pension reform proposal served as a starting point for ...
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73 Europe struggles with pension reform - Free Market Foundation
https://www.freemarketfoundation.com/article-view/europe-struggles-with-pension-reform
Europe struggles with pension reform ... Without tax increases, European governments cannot afford to pay future pensioners the benefits they are paying ...
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74 French Strike Aims to Save an Envied, but Convoluted ...
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/06/world/europe/france-strike-pension-reform.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/06/world/europe/france-strike-pension-reform.html. Give this articleGive this articleGive this article ...
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75 Social Security Pension Reform in Europe - De Gruyter
https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.7208/9780226241913/html?lang=en
Social Security in the United States and in Europe is at a critical juncture. Through the essays assembled in Social Security Pension Reform ...
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76 Pension Reform in Bulgaria—Increasing Youth Unemployment
https://www.piie.com/blogs/realtime-economic-issues-watch/pension-reform-bulgaria-increasing-youth-unemployment
Like many countries in Eastern Europe and the developed world generally, Bulgaria faces the challenge of unfunded liabilities in its pension ...
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77 EU could take blame for pension reform – study | News | IPE
https://www.ipe.com/eu-could-take-blame-for-pension-reform-study/8805.article
... study argues that European Union member states may be willing to let the EU take the blame for harsh decisions on pension reform.
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78 Occupational Pension Reform In Spain: What Will Change?
https://www.mondaq.com/employee-benefits-compensation/1158058/occupational-pension-reform-in-spain-what-will-change
Major occupational pension reforms in Spain would facilitate access to employment-linked pension provision for low and middle-income workers ...
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79 France: Macron needs progress in uphill task of pension ...
https://www.scoperatings.com/ratings-and-research/research/EN/172323
France: Macron needs progress in uphill task of pension reform to stabilise ... with increasing interest costs amid rising rates in Europe.
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80 Pension Reform in Southeastern Europe
https://www.cef-see.org/mnt/webdata/static/fisr/pensionReformBook.pdf
Pension Reform in. Southeastern Europe. Linking to Labor and Financial. Market Reforms. Robert Holzmann, Landis MacKellar, and Jana Repansek.
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81 Pension reforms, the generational welfare contract ... - Julkari
https://www.julkari.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/140826/Pension-reforms-the-generational-welfare-contract-and-preferences-for-pro-old-welfare-policies-in-Europe.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
It uses detailed descriptions from OECD. Pensions at a Glance reports to create indicators for pension reforms in 18 European countries between ...
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82 The 'new politics' of pension reforms in Continental Europe | Pen
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780203945681-10/new-politics-pension-reforms-continental-europe-david-natali-martin-rhodes
The 'new politics' of pension reforms in Continental Europe book. ByDAVID NATALI, MARTIN RHODES. BookPension Reform in Europe.
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83 Pension reforms in Central and Eastern Europe - Milliman
https://www.milliman.com/insight/pension-reforms-in-central-and-eastern-europe-public-to-private-and-back-to-public
Central and Eastern Europe's experience of the pension reform process can illuminate some of the pitfalls of embracing systemic pension ...
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84 Europe in times of pension reform and economic crisis
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0958928717709174
Recent pension reforms in Europe have often aimed to increase the realized retirement age. These reforms used two main strategies to reach their ...
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85 Chapter:14 Pension Reform in the Post-Communist Transition ...
https://www.nap.edu/read/5852/chapter/20
One of the main social and economic features of the transition in Central and Eastern Europe and the New Independent States has been a crisis in pension ...
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86 four policies in search of a politician - YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b7c3U0VxIAw
Dec 9, 2010
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87 Social Security Pension Reform in Europe, Feldstein, Siebert
https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/S/bo3641501.html
The book Social Security Pension Reform in Europe, Edited by Martin Feldstein and Horst Siebert is published by University of Chicago Press.
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88 Macron pension reform: France paralysed by biggest strike in ...
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50643323
Workers are angry about planned pension reforms that would see them retiring later or facing reduced payouts.
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89 Pension Strategies in Europe and the United States - MIT Press
https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262537261/pension-strategies-in-europe-and-the-united-states/
Leading economists analyze topical issues in pension policy, including structural reform of pay-as-you-go systems, the political sustainability of pension ...
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90 Pension Reform in Europe: Recent Experiences and ...
https://www.econpol.eu/sites/default/files/2019-10/PE%20-%20pension%20-%20CEPS%20-%202%20Oct%202019.pdf
Two decades of pension reforms ... Average effective labour market exit age, EU-28 by gender,. 1970-2016 ...
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91 CEPS-EconPol Europe Lunch Debate: Pension Reform in ...
https://www.ceps.eu/ceps-events/pension-reform-in-europe/
Several European countries have conducted pension reforms in recent years aimed at enhancing fiscal sustainability. However, further policy challenges will ...
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92 Pension reform across Europe - France 24
https://www.france24.com/en/20100616-pension-reform-across-europe-france-england-germany-spain
According to Allianz, a leading German financial services company, public pension expenditure for the European Union as a whole stood at 11.4 ...
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93 Another French president tries pension reform | The Economist
https://www.economist.com/europe/2019/09/12/another-french-president-tries-pension-reform
It hasn't ended well in the past | Europe.
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