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1 Debt mutualization: A "historic step" for the EU? - GIS Reports
https://www.gisreportsonline.com/r/debt-mutualization/
The European Union member states will be able to collectively pool debt obligations of up to 750 billion euros, out of which 360 billion euros ...
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2 European debt mutualisation - Institut Jacques Delors
https://institutdelors.eu/en/publications/european-debt-mutualisation-2/
This paper analyses the solidarity-responsibility arrangements of various proposals and realized forms of European debt mutualisation made over the last ...
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3 Creating a safe asset without debt mutualisation
https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/creating-safe-asset-without-debt-mutualisation-opportunity-european-debt-agency
A European Debt Agency could be used to hedge member states' financing from market sentiment vagaries, create a European safe asset, relieve the ...
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4 The EU's southern member states have set the stage for ...
https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2020/05/21/the-eus-southern-member-states-have-set-the-stage-for-european-debt-mutualisation/
Although the genuine mutualisation of European debt is still a long way off, due to Covid-19 and the South's effective crisis narrative, its ...
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5 Debt mutualisation, inflation and populism in the Eurozone
https://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/en/analyses/debt-mutualisation-inflation-and-populism-in-the-eurozone/
Mutualised bonds could be created by a new agency that would buy debt from different eurozone countries and issue, in exchange, two different ...
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6 Strategic interdependence and preferences for debt ...
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09692290.2022.2107043
When evaluating the costs of euro breakup and debt mutualization simultaneously, the former have a greater impact on preferences in Germany, ...
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7 European debt mutualisation. Finding a legitimate balance ...
https://hal-sciencespo.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02978121
While joint borrowing can carry a lot of advantages, debt mutualisation has always been very controversial. Confrontations between those countries supposedly ...
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8 Scholz's Next Big Challenge: Reforming the EU's Debt Rules
https://www.aicgs.org/2022/02/scholzs-next-big-challenge-reforming-the-eus-debt-rules/
So far, the common European recovery fund has been crucial in avoiding ... at least partial, mutualization of public debt in the future also ...
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9 Sovereign Debt Restructuring and Debt Mutualisation in the ...
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/IDAN/2019/634396/IPOL_IDA(2019)634396_EN.pdf
Third, the extent of fiscal stabilization and banking union in the Euro area should be increased. Page 4. IPOL | Economic Governance Support Unit. 4. PE 634.396.
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10 Spain's Sanchez renews call for debt mutualisation - newspaper
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-spain-debt/spains-sanchez-renews-call-for-debt-mutualisation-newspaper-idUSKBN2CQ08E
However, Europe still needs to work to deepen its fiscal integration through a common banking and capital markets union. “A European fund and ...
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11 Why the eurozone needs debt mutualisation
https://www.cer.eu/insights/why-eurozone-needs-debt-mutualisation
Debt mutualisation alone will not save the euro, but without it the eurozone is unlikely to survive intact. The eurozone's July 21st summit ...
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12 Euro Area Sovereign Debt Crisis and Debt Mutualisation
https://ideas.repec.org/p/ise/isegwp/wp072016.html
Downloadable! We study debt mutualisation in the Euro area. Bearing in mind other existing proposals we provide an alternative Blue, Yellow and Red Bonds ...
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13 The significant impacts an EU recovery fund would have
https://www.worldfinance.com/special-reports/the-proposal-of-an-eu-recovery-fund-paves-the-way-for-significant-future-fiscal-transfers
Once taboo, debt mutualisation has come to the fore of European politics ... The announcement dropped like a bomb in European capitals, ...
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14 For a European Debt Agency - Groupe d'études géopolitiques
https://geopolitique.eu/en/2022/02/21/for-a-european-debt-agency/
The second, more political, risk is if the shared management was done through mutualizing a part of the debt (meaning each country would be ...
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15 EU Eyes Joint Debt as German Fiscal Force Worries Allies
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-03/eu-commissioners-call-for-joint-debt-to-tackle-energy-crisis
“We must think about mutualized tools at the European level,” they said. “Only a European budgetary response will allow us, by supporting ...
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16 Public Opinion Towards the Euro and the EU After a ...
http://www.bjoern-bremer.com/projects/contesting_europe
This helps to explain why German politicians relaxed their hostility to joint debt and agreed to the EU's pandemic recovery fund in 2020. Another research ...
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17 Towards Greater Fiscal Union? The Context and Precedent for ...
https://www.jstor.org/stable/27000895
about the potential benefits of pooling European debt into so-called “Eurobonds,” there ... of mutualization of Eu- rozone debt,2 many oth-.
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18 Debt Mutualisation in the Ongoing Eurozone Crisis
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311920837_Debt_Mutualisation_in_the_Ongoing_Eurozone_Crisis_-_A_Tale_of_the_'North'_and_the_'South'
Request PDF | Debt Mutualisation in the Ongoing Eurozone Crisis – A Tale of the 'North' and the 'South' | This article builds upon a highly ...
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19 Why a common eurozone bond isn't such a good idea
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Why-a-common-eurozone-bond-isn%E2%80%99t-such-a-good-idea-Issing/b3698d9af1823f0e952502b75e3185d641887aa7
Abstract This paper reviews the economic and historical literature on debt mutualization in Europe with reference to pre-1914 guaranteed bonds and the ...
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20 Judy Asks: Should Europe Have Common Debt?
https://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/81622
The common European debt issuance is just the financial plumbing to make that work, but it is not open-ended mutualization of existing debt. The ...
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21 Europe, public debts, and safe assets: the scope for a ...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40888-021-00236-6
The common bond issued by the Debt Agency thus avoids mutualisation by design; hence, it can be directly bought by the ECB. Due to its ...
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22 Creating a Safe Asset without Debt Mutualization
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4079033
This paper analyses the potential of a European Debt Agency (EDA) as an efficient debt management institution for the Euro area.
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23 European debt crisis - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_debt_crisis
The European debt crisis, often also referred to as the eurozone crisis or the European sovereign debt crisis, is a multi-year debt crisis that took place ...
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24 Rethinking the Eurosystem | The Euro Trap - Oxford Academic
https://academic.oup.com/book/27708/chapter/197872684
Rather than reinventing the wheel, Europe could copy the US financial system, ... Keywords: Alexander Hamilton, no-bail-out, debt mutualization, debt ...
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25 Debt Mutualisation and the EU's SURE and NextGen bonds
https://www.revue-banque.fr/banque-investissement-marches-gestion-actifs/article/debt-mutualisation-and-eu-sure-and-nextgen-bond
The earliest example of supranational borrowing in Europe dates back to the 1975 Community Loan Mechanism, which was then setup in order to ...
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26 Eurozone fragmentation or fiscal union? There is a middle way.
https://www.euractiv.com/section/economy-jobs/news/eurozone-fragmentation-or-fiscal-union-there-is-a-middle-way/
They suggest establishing a European Debt Agency. ... prices for their debt, there would be no mutualisation of EU debt, according to him.
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27 Eurobonds past and present a comparative review on debt ...
https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/library/publications-institute/eurobonds-past-and-present-comparative-review-debt-mutualization
This paper reviews the economic and historical literature on debt mutualization in Europe with reference to pre-1914 guaranteed bonds and current Eurobonds ...
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28 Germany, the Eurozone crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8942386/
Keywords: Economic and monetary union, Germany, Eurozone crisis, ... Strategic interdependence and preferences for debt mutualization in the ...
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29 EU Must Seize Hamilton Moment to Lift Euro's Role
https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/energy/eu-must-seize-hamilton-moment-to-lift-euros-role/2022/03/14/2386962c-a35c-11ec-8628-3da4fa8f8714_story.html
Europe's shared currency may be on the cusp of finally challenging ... One of the arguments against the mutualization of debt from euro zone ...
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30 Europe indirectly mutualize its debt and issue Eurobonds
https://www.fxstreet.com/analysis/europe-indirectly-mutualize-its-debt-and-issue-eurobonds-202210211437
Everything flows - The European debt is mutualised ... And while the countries since 2015 were trying to find a stabilization model, a few years ...
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31 A Sustainable Euro Area with Exit Options | IZA
https://www.iza.org/publications/pp/120/a-sustainable-euro-area-with-exit-options
The support for these proposals is overwhelming. They also argue for more transfer of sovereignty on financial policy and for debt mutualisation (sharing of the ...
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32 Reassessing the “Democratic Constraint”
https://europow.com/files/2020-09-23_Bremer.pdf
remain in the eurozone, including through debt mutualization. ... monetary financing of government debt by the European Central Bank (ECB). Article.
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33 MUTUALIZING EURO AREA DEBT WITHOUT A FISCAL UNION.
https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA597962666&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=02529521&p=IFME&sw=w
Gale OneFile includes MUTUALIZING EURO AREA DEBT WITHOUT A FISCAL UNION. by Stefan Krause Montalbert. Click to explore.
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34 Why the Eurozone Needs Debt Mutualization : r/europe - Reddit
https://www.reddit.com/r/europe/comments/1e3i9v/why_the_eurozone_needs_debt_mutualization/
Debt mutualisation should happen, as should fiscal union. But that's worse than the status quo for the non-bailed out.
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35 Mutualizing Europe's Debts - Wiley Online Library
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1540-5842.2012.01328.x
Because they have failed to address the fundamental economic imbalances within. Europe obscured by the single currency, each effort by European leaders so ...
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36 What to Do About Eurozone Sovereign Debt - Project Syndicate
https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/esm-facility-to-purchase-sovereigns-from-ecb-by-stefano-micossi-and-emilios-avgouleas-2021-05
... and without breaching treaty restrictions on debt mutualization. The eurozone's average sovereign debt-to-GDP ratio is expected to reach ...
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37 2. THE FISCAL RESPONSE: A STEP FORWARD TOWARDS ...
https://www.ieaf.es/images/Publicaciones-FEF/Anuarioeuro2021/5_The_fiscal_response.pdf
A STEP FORWARD TOWARDS DEBT. MUTUALISATION? Jonás Fernández, European Parliament Committee on. Economic and Monetary Affairs. 2.1. INTRODUCTION.
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38 The Future of Europe and its "Ever Closer" Debt - Econlib
https://www.econlib.org/the-future-of-europe-and-its-ever-closer-debt/
The mutualisation of Europe's debt is therefore a political objective for the Eurocrats in Bruxelles. But mutualisation and Brussels control ...
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39 Debt Mutualization: Will the Frugal 5 Save the Day?
https://www.laprogressive.com/foreign-policy/debt-mutualization
As such, it is a useful metaphor for the goings-on of the European Union (EU). Observers of the EU's evolution in the capital of Brussels have ...
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40 How Germany learned to stop worrying and love EU bailouts
https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-eu-bailouts-economy-eurozone/
As money began to flow from the European Union's €750 billion ... have taken Merkel's acceptance of debt mutualization in their stride.
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41 A European Agency Could Make All Euro Area Sovereign ...
https://www.knowledge.unibocconi.eu/notizia.php?idArt=24736
The proposal for a European Debt Agency will be discussed today at ... and avoid debt mutualization that the more "virtuous" countries are ...
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42 Eurobonds past and present : a comparative review on debt ...
https://www.econbiz.de/Record/eurobonds-past-and-present-a-comparative-review-on-debt-mutualization-in-europe-esteves-rui-pedro/10011596657
Eurobonds past and present : a comparative review on debt mutualization in Europe. Rui Pedro Esteves and Ali Coşkun Tunçer ...
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43 Why choose to mutualise risk across countries through the ECB?
https://encompass-europe.com/comment/why-choose-to-mutualize-risk-across-countries-through-the-ecb
I have been studying and living in Europe for a while; ... The debate about the sharing (or 'mutualisation') of sovereign debt is not wholly controversial.
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44 The Corona Debt Conundrum in the Eurozone.
https://www.swp-berlin.org/publications/products/comments/2021C23_CoronaDebt_Eurozone.pdf
higher public debt of the Eurozone countries. ... The Corona pandemic has hit Europe hard. ... partial post-Corona debt mutualisation. The.
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45 Analysis of the effects of a European debt mutualization
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/analysis-effects-european-debt-mutualization-madera-del-pozo-phd
The weak financial situation that European countries have presented during the economic crisis, mainly the so-called Southern Europe, ...
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46 The mutualisation of sovereign debt: Comparing the American ...
https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/106902/1/815356064.pdf
This study identifies commonalities between two historical incidents of debt assumption – in the United States in 1791 and in present-day Europe.
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47 How euro zone 'coronabonds' might work - Yahoo Finance
https://sports.yahoo.com/euro-zone-coronabonds-might-142420961.html
The idea of joint debt issuance was previously raised by Italy, ... Outlined below are various options for mutualisation, from what exists ...
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48 Robin Brooks on Twitter: "Beneath the surface, the Euro zone ...
https://twitter.com/RobinBrooksIIF/status/1585271070466211844
The South lacks fiscal space, so it calls for explicit (via joint issuance) or implicit (via the ECB) debt mutualization.
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49 What are 'corona bonds' and how can they help ... - Euronews
https://www.euronews.com/2020/03/26/what-are-corona-bonds-and-how-can-they-help-revive-the-eu-s-economy
"Corona bonds" are joint debt issued to member states of the EU. The funds would be common and would come from the European Investment Bank.
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50 Debt mutualisation, inflation and populism in the Eurozone
https://www.publicdebtnet.org/pdm/GOALS/Debt-Policy/Documents/Document_201901181325.html
Debt mutualisation, inflation and populism in the Eurozone. Year of Publication: 2018; Author: Alfredo Arahuetes García Gonzalo Gómez Bengoechea - Elcano ...
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51 https://repositorio.comillas.edu/rest/bitstreams/2...
https://repositorio.comillas.edu/rest/bitstreams/297203/retrieve
Fiscal union, monetary policy normalization and populism in the Eurozone ... Keywords: Fiscal Union, Debt Mutualization, Monetary Policy normalization, ...
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52 The Next Generation EU: Opportunity and risk - CIDOB
https://www.cidob.org/en/publications/publication_series/notes_internacionals/255/the_next_generation_eu_opportunity_and_risk
If successfully implemented, above all in southern European countries, ... of EU funds through some form of debt mutualisation remained a contentious issue.
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53 The COVID-19 Crisis: The EU Recovery Fund and its ...
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/european-review/article/covid19-crisis-the-eu-recovery-fund-and-its-implications-for-european-integration-a-paradigm-shift/F1340EE699BC882C8AE5F1C384906E29
It failed to reduce public debts for the euro-crisis countries. ... the Commission's issuance of corona bonds and debt mutualization may ...
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54 How Can We Avoid a Euro Crisis? - Building Resilience
https://www.ie.edu/building-resilience/knowledge/can-avoid-euro-crisis/
To prevent this outcome, Europe must mutualize the costs of the imminent economic crisis. If Europe allows its member states to go into debt ...
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55 The Division of Europe: Mistrust and Macroeconomic Myths
https://pathforeurope.eu/the-division-of-europe-mistrust-and-macroeconomic-myths/
... the narrative of fiscal irresponsibility to oppose debt mutualization ... the European Monetary Union be joined by a public debt union?
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56 Creating a Euro Area Safe Asset without Mutualizing Risk ...
https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110683073-017/pdf
“Insulating the financial sector from the European debt crisis: Eurobonds without public guaran- tees,” VoxEU, September 2011, available at ...
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57 Covid-19 crisis in Europe: a midwife for a federalist green ...
https://gsh.cib.natixis.com/our-center-of-expertise/articles/covid-19-crisis-in-europe-a-midwife-for-a-federalist-green-social-leap-forward
A new chapter of history textbooks is being written in Europe and the ... The decade-long refusal to any European debt mutualization could ...
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58 Spain calls for Marshall plan, European debt mutualisation
https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/coronavirus-spain-calls-for-marshall-plan-european-debt-mutualisation
FRANKFURT (REUTERS) - Europe needs debt mutualisation and a common Marshall plan to recover from the coronavirus pandemic, Spanish Prime ...
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59 Toward the Dissolution of the Eurozone - The American Agora
https://www.americanagora.org/single-post/toward-the-dissolution-of-the-eurozone
The Eurozone, a monetary union between 19 member states within the ... The process of debt mutualization has transformed the EU into a ...
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60 Banking union's major omission: debt mutualisation
https://euobserver.com/opinion/123652
Should we fear another banking crisis in Europe? European leaders would have you think that this is not possible anymore.
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61 Fund may open door to larger scale debt mutualisation
https://www.fidelityinternational.com/editorial/blog/fund-may-open-door-to-larger-scale-debt-mutualisation-5a71c9-en5/
The European Recovery Fund marks a major step for the EU towards a stronger common fiscal policy as it will be administered through the EU's ...
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62 How to guarantee fiscal space and debt sustainability with a ...
https://repec.unibocconi.it/baffic/baf/papers/cbafwp22172.pdf
Keywords: European Debt Agency; Fiscal Space; EMU Fiscal Governance; Growth and ... explicit as well as implicit, of debt mutualisation; ...
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63 The future of the EU means muddling through
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2014/01/reinventing-europe/
The European Union (EU) is changing, fundamentally so. ... unemployment insurance; and Eurobonds or some other kind of debt mutualization.
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64 Fiscal Discipline meets Macroeconomic Stability - EuroFrame
https://www.euroframe.org/files/user_upload/euroframe/docs/2022/Conference/Session%20C1/EUROF22_Greco_etal.pdf
We describe a new Euro-insurance bond that implies sovereign debt mutualiza- ... debt mutualization poses a moral hazard problem by inducing fiscal ...
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65 The future of Europe is at stake in the fight for Germany's ...
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/oct/20/future-europe-germany-finance-ministry-debt-eu
A fiscal conservative in the job and a new era of debt limitation could spell disaster for EU countries, says professor of history Adam ...
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66 Germany's liberals draw a red line in-between the Franco ...
https://www.neweurope.eu/article/germanys-liberals-draw-red-line-franco-german-axis/
... of the Eurozone, Christian Lindner asserted on Sunday. ... any form of social transfer or debt mutualization on a European level, ...
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67 Reflections on Fiscal Coordination and Integration in Europe
https://www.adb.org/publications/reflections-fiscal-coordination-integration-europe
... which could encompass policy coordination, pooling resources for macroeconomic stabilization and fiscal backstops, debt mutualization and safe assets, ...
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68 Towards a Genuine Economic and Monetary Union
https://www.cogitatiopress.com/politicsandgovernance/article/download/90/69
bailouts and debt mutualisation: competition-based fiscal federalism ... Keywords: banking union; debt mutualisation; EU governance; Euro budget; Eurozone;.
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69 Arguments for and against fiscal union - Debating Europe
https://www.debatingeurope.eu/focus/infobox-arguments-for-and-against-fiscal-union/
As long as the European Union is made up of independent nations with their ... Central tax resources and mutualized debt would become powerful symbols of a ...
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70 Sovereign Debt Restructuring and Debt ... - Policy Commons
https://policycommons.net/artifacts/1334935/sovereign-debt-restructuring-and-debt-mutualisation-in-the-euro-area/1941009/
Existing proposals for reform in the euro area, including the introduction of an orderly sovereign debt restructuring mechanism and of forms ...
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71 The Rise of Unemployment in the Eurozone
https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/TT20-italy_guerrieri-2.pdf
youth unemployment in the majority of the euro- ... porate debt–paid for by an expansion of the mone- ... eurozone debt-mutualization scheme in the form.
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72 A €750 Billion Coronavirus Recovery Plan Thrusts Europe Into ...
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/27/world/europe/coronavirus-europe-bailout.html
But experts warned that, while important, this is not a leap into mutualized debt, like in the United States. “We don't become a federal Europe, ...
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73 The European Union did not experience its “Hamiltonian ...
https://www.iwkoeln.de/studien/michael-huether-the-european-union-did-not-experience-its-hamiltonian-moment.html
For the first time, the European community pledged to take up common debt by issuing ... of Europe with complete fiscal integration and debt mutualization, ...
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74 How Europe's Refugee and Euro Crises are Linked
https://www.gmfus.org/news/how-europes-refugee-and-euro-crises-are-linked
While many elsewhere have argued that the euro crisis cannot be resolved until there is a mutualization of eurozone debt, Germans feared this would take the ...
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75 Europe's recovery fund expectations | International Banking
https://international.barclays.com/news-and-insights/2021/august/europes-recovery-fund-expectations/
The €800bn European recovery fund aims to kick-start the Eurozone's ... The establishment of debt mutualisation may help reshape Europe.
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76 Are We Risking a Debt Pandemic? | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance
https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/are-we-risking-debt-pandemic
European Central Bank (ECB) is the central bank for the euro and ... fiscal policy – and not the mutualization of individual states' debts, ...
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77 Threats and solidarity in the Eurozone - PubAffairs Bruxelles
https://www.pubaffairsbruxelles.eu/opinion-analysis/threats-and-solidarity-in-the-eurozone-how-italian-and-german-citizens-respond-to-information-about-italexit/
For Germany, the costs of remain scenario emphasised the need for Germany to agree to some form of debt mutualisation to keep Italy in the ...
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78 Questioni di Economia e Finanza - Banca d'Italia
https://www.bancaditalia.it/pubblicazioni/qef/2019-0479/QEF_479_19.pdf
The fraction of mutualized debt would be fully redeemed over a reasonable number of years. ... Keywords: Euro area, sovereign debt, debt redemption fund, ...
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79 A Spectre is Haunting Europe : Debt Mutualisation - April 2020
https://www.muzinich.com/opinions/spectre/
The renewed debate of debt mutualisation threatens to create new cracks on the European.
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80 The Mutualisation of Sovereign Debt: Comparing the ...
https://silo.tips/download/the-mutualisation-of-sovereign-debt-comparing-the-american-past-and-the-european
Debates on the sovereign debt crisis in Europe often refer to the historical experience of the. United States (US). Some features of US fiscal federalism that ...
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81 a Game Theory Analysis for a Debt Mutualization Scheme in ...
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/114690
We find that the optimal debt quota to share with the European ... Keywords: Game Theory, Fairness Approach, Debt Mutualization, Euro Area.
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82 A Lot of Light And Some Shadow In The First European Debt ...
https://thecorner.eu/news-europe/european-economy/a-lot-of-light-and-some-shadow-in-the-first-european-debt-mutualisation-device/87932/
TOPICS:EU crisesEU recovery fundEuropean debt mutualisationfrugals right vetoHungary rule of lawrebate chequesrecovery fund conditionality.
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83 Putin's games threaten to force gas rationing. Will European ...
https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-vladimir-putins-energy-blackmail-is-testing-european-solidarity-as-gas/
Merkel was fiercely opposed to demands from weaker EU countries for European debt mutualization, which would have made Germany partly liable for ...
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84 The Eurozone Crisis and Debt Mutualization - ProQuest
http://search.proquest.com/openview/cfb8e66b033d05189df089dac3ab85b6/1.pdf?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=2041892
The Eurozone Crisis and Debt Mutualization: Assessing the Merkel Government View. By Ansgar Belke*. Introduction: The North-South Divide.
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85 Eurozone debt crisis part two looms into view - The Telegraph
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/06/14/eurozone-debt-crisis-part-two-looms-view/
Eurozone debt crisis part two looms into view ... and by debt mutualisation, so that each nation is responsible for the others' debts.
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86 Making Europe's economy work better | The Economist
https://www.economist.com/leaders/2020/04/11/making-europes-economy-work-better
The acrimony has its roots in Europe's sovereign-debt crisis in 2010-12, ... Mutualisation should be a compromise, signalling that north and ...
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87 Europe Needs an Alexander Hamilton, Not More Budget Hawks
https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/04/16/eu-needs-an-alexander-hamilton-eurobonds-not-more-budget-hawks/
Without mutual debt in the form of Eurobonds, the continent's ... the mutualization of public debt in the eurozone—Europeans muddled through ...
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88 Germany - The BRIDGE Network
https://bridgenetwork.eu/report/germany/
Germany played a significant role in the Euro-crisis as the European ... was an outspoken opponent of any debt mutualisation within the EU.
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89 A Fiscal Recipe for the EU at the Time of COVID-19
https://www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/WP/2020/English/wpiea2020181-print-pdf.ashx
euro area countries should finance new debt in excess of limits imposed by ... Mutualizing sovereign risks, for example by issuing EU bonds, ...
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90 Pandemic won't cause euro debt crisis, but a North-South divide
https://www.ekathimerini.com/in-depth/analysis/251902/pandemic-won-t-cause-euro-debt-crisis-but-a-north-south-divide/
Eurozone government debt will surge this year on the coronavirus pandemic ... as inflammatory to some as debt mutualization, officials said.
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91 The Eurozone Crisis: Overview and Issues for Congress
https://sgp.fas.org/crs/row/R42377.pdf
The Eurozone debt crisis began in late 2009, when a new Greek ... Advocates of Eurobonds argue that such a mutualization of European debt.
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92 Will the Pandemic Bring Down the Eurozone? - National Review
https://www.nationalreview.com/2020/07/will-the-pandemic-bring-down-the-eurozone/
As the coronavirus crisis subsides in Europe, another crisis may rear ... it effectively represents a degree of debt mutualization that has ...
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93 What to do about Eurozone sovereign debt | The Asset
https://www.theasset.com/article/43576/what-to-do-about-eurozone-sovereign-debt
This can be done without any ESM Treaty changes, and without breaching treaty restrictions on debt mutualization. The eurozone's average ...
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94 Debt mutualisation in the eurozone
https://www.repository.utl.pt/handle/10400.5/10875
Citação: Alcântara, Marcelo Rodrigo de Seabra Geada de Figueiredo (2015). "Debt mutualisation in the eurozone". Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade de Lisboa.
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95 “Debt mutualisation, inflation and populism in the Eurozone ...
https://www.tepsa.eu/debt-mutualisation-inflation-and-populism-in-the-eurozone-alfredo-arahuetes-garcia-gonzalo-gomez-bengoechea-elcano-spain/
“Debt mutualisation, inflation and populism in the Eurozone”, Alfredo Arahuetes García, Gonzalo Gómez Bengoechea (Elcano, Spain).
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