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1 Positive-Sum / Zero-Sum / Negative-Sum Situations
https://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/sum
"Positive-sum" outcomes are those in which the sum of winnings and losses is greater than zero. This becomes possible when the size of the pie is somehow ...
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2 Zero- vs Positive-Sum - Definition and examples - Conceptually
https://conceptually.org/concepts/zero-vs-positive-sum
Zero- and positive-sum situations can be framed as 'games' involving the size of a pie, and how that pie is distributed (for example, land, profit, ...
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3 Positive-Sum Games - Edge.org
https://www.edge.org/response-detail/10135
In a positive-sum game, a rational, self-interested actor may benefit the other guy with the same choice that benefits himself or herself. More colloquially, ...
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4 Distributive bargaining - Oxford Reference
https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095722671
Is an approach to collective bargaining that is positive-sum and seeks to identify mutually beneficial outcomes. Integrative bargaining often takes the form ...
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5 Lift As You Rise: Wealth Creation Is A Positive Sum Game
https://www.wealest.com/articles/positive-sum-game
A positive sum game is a concept from game theory where the total gains and losses in the “game” are greater than zero - hence the positive ...
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6 Zero Sum Game Examples - Video & Lesson Transcript
https://study.com/academy/lesson/game-theory-positive-negative-zero-sum-games.html
In economics, the creation of new things of value changes the game from being a zero-sum game to being a positive-sum game. On a macroeconomic ...
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7 Zero-Sum Game Definition in Finance, With Example
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/z/zero-sumgame.asp
A positive sum game is where the net result is greater than zero, even though there may be some winners and losers. In economics, trade and exchange are thought ...
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8 3.4 Forms of interdependence: zero-sum, negative-sum and ...
https://www.open.edu/openlearn/society-politics-law/china-and-the-usa-cooperation-or-conflict/content-section-3.4
3.4 Forms of interdependence: zero-sum, negative-sum and positive-sum games · positive-sum interactions, where the sum total of gains (gains of both parties ...
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9 Commodity Bargaining | 2 | Positive Sum | Robert L. Rothstein
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781351317924-2/commodity-bargaining-robert-rothstein
› chapters › edit › comm...
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10 The Bargaining Problem
https://www.haverford.edu/sites/default/files/Nash1950.pdf
which occurs in many forms, as bargaining, bilateral monopoly, etc. It may also be regarded as a nonzero-sum two-person game. In this.
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11 A Genesis of Conflict: The Zero-Sum Mindset
https://scholarship.law.ufl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1759&context=facultypub
Integrative bargaining and distributive bar- gaining are approaches to bargaining, while the zero-sum mindset and positive-sum mindset describe ...
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12 What is Distributive Bargaining? Definition of Distributive ...
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/distributive-bargaining
between both the parties. Description: Distributive bargaining is also known as zero-sum negotiations because the assets or the resources which need to be ...
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13 Creating Value in a Zero Sum Game - Steve Mehta Mediator
https://stevemehta.com/creating-value-zero-sum-game/
When both parties cooperate the result is usually positive. If one cooperates and the other competes, the competitor normally comes away the “ ...
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14 A Geometrical Perspective for the Bargaining Problem - PLOS
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0010331
A new treatment to determine the Pareto-optimal outcome for a non-zero-sum game is presented. An equilibrium point for any game is defined ...
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15 Negotiation and Bargaining: The Simple Analytics of ... - Quizlet
https://quizlet.com/198072517/negotiation-and-bargaining-the-simple-analytics-of-negotiation-theory-flash-cards/
Game theory: zero sum v. non-zero sum (or variable sum) games. Zero sum: pure conflict or competition, "win-lose" games. Variable sum: cooperation ...
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16 Revisiting the Obsolescing Bargain Model
http://www.voxprof.com/eden/Publications/Eden-Lenway-Schuler-AIB-presentation.pdf
Bargain Model. The Political Bargaining. Model. MNE. HC. MNE. GVT. MNE-HC goals conflictual. Bargain potentially positive sum. MNE-HC goals differ and are.
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17 27 What are the three processes that reflect the triangle of ...
https://www.coursehero.com/file/p3tu8iu/What-are-the-three-processes-that-reflect-the-triangle-of-pressures-a-community/
The parties agree to suspend negotiations. · Each party approves the negotiated settlement. ; 30.What is another term for “positive-sum bargaining”? · principled ...
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18 Bargaining Theory and Regulatory Reform: The Political Logic ...
https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1905&context=vlr
positive-sum changes from the status quo will be achieved through bargaining. It then explores several recent regulatory reforms at the.
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19 Competitive Bargaining vs. Cooperative problem solving
https://www.un.org/en/model-united-nations/competitive-bargaining-vs-cooperative-problem-solving
› model-united-nations › competiti...
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20 Bargaining and Influence in Conflict Situations
https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/1813/75303/Lawler60_Bargaining_and_Influence006.pdf?sequence=1
Heuristics in negotiation: Limitations to dispute resolution ef- fectiveness. Pp. 51-67 in Negotiating in Organiza- a "positive sum" payoff matrix (Rapoport ...
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21 Bargaining approach for efficiency assessment and target ...
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305048322001359
How to handle both types of variables has not been proposed. The idea is for each DMU to try to become efficient by increasing its fixed-sum output ( ...
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22 Aggressive Bargaining leads to sub-optimal outcomes - GRIN
https://www.grin.com/document/30071
They stressed that trade is a positive sum game and that the Mercantilists were thus wrong. It is currently accepted that unrestricted trade benefits all the ...
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23 Theory of the Firm: Bargaining and Competitive Equilibrium
https://www.york.ac.uk/media/economics/documents/seminars/2011-12/Herings_January2012.pdf
The owners of the firm play a bargaining game in order to choose the firm's ... terms in the sum are positively semi-independent. Since {ω} is bounded, ...
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24 Games Bargaining: A Proposed Application of the Theory of ...
https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/handle/20.500.13051/4349/Games_Bargaining__A_Proposed_Application_of_the_Theory_of_Games_to_Collective_Bargaining__65_Yale_Law_Journal_660__1956___.pdf?sequence=2
bargaining situation, of which negotiation between employer and labor union ... The rectangle that is largest in area, given a fixed sum of the parties' ...
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25 Bargaining Model for the International Oil Industry - UQ eSpace
https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:330883/UQ330883_OA.pdf
Bargaining between the oil companies and host governments is positive sum, as the objectives of the two sets of actors are never exclusively conflicting.
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26 Negotiations and Resolving Conflicts: An Overview
https://www.europarc.org/communication-skills/pdf/Negotiation%20Skills.pdf
All bargaining situations can be divided into two categories: Distributive (also called competitive, zero sum, win-lose or claiming value). In this kind of ...
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27 A Theory and Experiment of how Competitive Bargaining can ...
https://www.aeaweb.org/conference/2018/preliminary/paper/Ye36ShaA
2. For a given group, this measure is the total surplus created minus the sum of individual investments.26 A positive value means that there ...
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28 Bargaining update for lecturers - UCnet - University of California
https://ucnet.universityofcalifornia.edu/labor/news/2021/11/bargaining-update-for-lecturers-nov-17.html
This is a positive development for our entire community, especially for our ... $1,500 one-time lump sum contract ratification payment.
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29 A Geometrical Perspective for the Bargaining Problem - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2859940/
A new treatment to determine the Pareto-optimal outcome for a non-zero-sum game is presented. An equilibrium point for any game is defined ...
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30 Chapter 16: Conflict Resolution and Negotiation
https://sk.sagepub.com/reference/hdbk_conflictresolution/n17.xml
It creates a positive-sum outcome, in that no party would agree to the outcome ... associated with distributive or zero-sum bargaining, and of gratification ...
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31 Trade Wars: What do they mean? Why ... - Sites at Dartmouth
https://sites.dartmouth.edu/rstaiger/files/2019/05/Mattoo-Staiger-04-14-2019.pdf
Here the threat of bargaining tariffs is needed to spur negotiations, because most of the positive-sum gains from reciprocal tariff liberalization between ...
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32 BARGAINING THEORY AND INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT
https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.polisci.5.092601.141138
The idea that a state goes to war when it has a positive expected utility for ... then the sum of the shares the states can lock in by fighting exceeds the ...
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33 Experimental Evidence on Semi-structured Bargaining with ...
https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w29265/w29265.pdf
the end of a game, a transaction is completed only if the sum of the final bids is strictly positive, in which case subjects gain the difference between ...
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34 What is Positional Bargaining? - PON
https://www.pon.harvard.edu/tag/positional-bargaining/
Positional bargaining is an approach that frames negotiation as an adversarial, zero-sum exercise focused on claiming rather than creating value.
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35 Game-Theoretic Models of Bargaining: An Introduction for ...
https://academic.oup.com/book/2154/chapter/142120060
and each nation would get an expected profit of only $1000 from either of its positive-probability demands. In this equilibrium, a demand of $999,000 has a ...
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36 Unifying Bargaining Notions (1/2) - AI Alignment Forum
https://www.alignmentforum.org/posts/rYDas2DDGGDRc8gGB/unifying-bargaining-notions-1-2
For the zero-sum A vs everyone else game, the utility function for A is A−(B+C)3, and the utility functions for B,C are (B+C)−A6 for both.
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37 collective bargaining agreement 2021-2023 - WA.gov
https://ofm.wa.gov/sites/default/files/public/labor/agreements/21-23/wfse_gg.pdf
6.8 Positive Time Reporting – Overtime-Eligible Employees . ... Effective July 1, 2022, bargaining unit employees will receive a lump sum.
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38 Distributive Bargaining - Negotiation - Culture at Work
https://www.culture-at-work.com/distribute.html
Bargaining surplus. -- a measure of how wide the positive zone is -- in this case $20, which gives a relatively large area for mutually successful bargaining.
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39 Making Friends of Foes: Bringing Labor and Management ...
https://scholarship.law.missouri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1570&context=jdr
Collective bargaining agreements under the Railway Labor Act (RLA), ... "zero-sum game in which anything won by one side is a loss by the other."8 In the.
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40 4 Types of Negotiation Strategies (With Tips and Examples)
https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/types-of-negotiation
Distributive negotiation, sometimes called zero-sum negotiation or win-lose negotiation, is a bargaining approach in which one person succeeds only if ...
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41 "Power-Based” Bargaining Over Trade: Myopic Behavior by ...
https://aede.osu.edu/news/power-based%E2%80%9D-bargaining-over-trade-myopic-behavior-united-states
"Power-Based” Bargaining Over Trade: Myopic Behavior by the United ... i.e., rather than generating mutual benefits in a positive-sum game, ...
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42 General Characterization and Application to Majority Games
https://www.ias.edu/sites/default/files/sss/papers/econpapereleven.pdf
mand bargaining set are self-stable. In the class of constant-sum homogeneous weighted majority games the demand bargaining set is non-empty and predicts.
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43 Theories of IR, G-N - International Relations - Research Guides
https://libguides.usc.edu/IR/TheoriesG-N
This is sometimes referred to as a positive-sum game. ... actually caused by rational self-interested states bargaining with one another.
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44 Solved Please indicate your answer by entering “T” or “F” on
https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/please-indicate-answer-entering-t-f-answer-sheet-1-integrative-bargaining-zero-sum-process-q20078371
1. Integrative bargaining is a “zero-sum” process. 2.Only attorneys and judges are allowed to be arbitrators. 3.According to the National Labor Relations Board ...
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45 Bargaining Theory and Regulatory Reform: The Political Logic ...
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=207428
We argue that in the context of political conflict over policy changes, participants in these bargaining processes view positive sum policy ...
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46 The Zero-Sum Fallacy in Negotiation and How to Overcome It
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/statistical-life/201804/the-zero-sum-fallacy-in-negotiation-and-how-overcome-it
The zero-sum fallacy is the idea that there is a fixed pie and if one person gets more that means the other person gets less.
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47 BUS403: Distributive Bargaining - Saylor Academy
https://learn.saylor.org/mod/page/view.php?id=8110
Parties often use distributive bargaining (or win-lose bargaining) when they are negotiating over price. Words often associated with one or ...
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48 What Can Integrative Negotiation Do for You? - Glassdoor
https://www.glassdoor.com/blog/guide/integrative-negotiation/
Also known as integrative bargaining, collaborative negotiation, and creating value approach, this technique involves each negotiator in the ...
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49 Q&A: What is a positive sum game? | Economics - Tutor2u
https://www.tutor2u.net/economics/blog/qa-what-is-a-positive-sum-game
A positive sum game refers to the outcome of a decision or a policy or a negotiation involving at least one agent. And in this outcome a ...
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50 Bargaining with Deadlines and Imperfect Player Control
https://sites.bu.edu/manove/files/2013/05/MaManoveBargainingDeadlinesEconm1993.pdf
equilibrium players miss the deadline with positive probability. ... KEYWORDS: Bargaining, continuous-time games, deadlines, delay, imperfect control,.
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51 Game Theory EconC31
https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economics/staff/fsquintani/teaching/ec941Lecture9.pptx
Player 1's payoff increases in d1 and decreases in d2. 22. Nash Axiomatic Bargaining. The bargaining models seen so far are “positive”: they find solutions of ...
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52 Game Theory - Econlib
https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/GameTheory.html
In so-called zero-sum games the interests of the players conflict totally, so that one person's gain always is another's loss. More typical are games with ...
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53 Bargaining Power and the Effects of Joint Negotiation
https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/atr/legacy/2014/09/26/308877.pdf
reach agreement with both suppliers is greater than the sum of ... T is defined to be positive if the intermediary pays the supplier, and.
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54 evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997
https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2022/article/noncompete-agreements-bargaining-and-wages-evidence-from-the-national-longitudinal-survey-of-youth-1997.htm
Noncompete agreements, bargaining, and wages: evidence from the National ... The NCA–wage correlation is positive and highly sensitive to controls for ...
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55 HR Management | Professor Buckler | Spring 2021
https://openlab.bmcc.cuny.edu/groups/bus311-1801-hr-management-professor-buckler-spring-2021/forum/topic/collective-bargaining-labor-relations-4/
Collective Bargaining & Labor Relations ... The Labor unions are used to a zero-sum game approach and there many be many way to move away ...
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56 Bilateral, zero-sum bargaining. | Download Scientific Diagram
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Bilateral-zero-sum-bargaining_fig1_329946460
Bilateral, zero-sum bargaining. Source publication.
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57 Collective Bargaining Training - at: www.DBM.maryland.gov
https://dbm.maryland.gov/employees/supervisors/Documents/CollectiveBargaining.ppt
What is collective bargaining? Collective bargaining is the mutual obligation of the employer and the employee exclusive representative, also referred to ...
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58 The role of collective bargaining systems for labour market ...
https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/068bb29d-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/068bb29d-en
Collective agreements covering a large share of workers can have a more sizeable macroeconomic effect – positive or negative – on employment, wages and other ...
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59 Does Culture Matter in Economic Behavior? Ultimatum Game ...
https://www2.psych.ubc.ca/~henrich/Website/Papers/ult.pdf
Bargaining Among the Machiguenga of the Peruvian Amazon ... dictions of positive game theory under a number ... sum of money (termed the “stakes”).
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60 Incomplete Information Bargaining with Applications to ...
https://people.duke.edu/~marx/bio/papers/CounterVailingPower.pdf
mechanism that, for given bargaining weights, maximizes the weighted sum of ... tion Gj with support [c, c] and density gj that is positive on the interior ...
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61 The Causes of Bargaining Failure: Evidence from Major ...
https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/422981
In player/club pairs that go to arbitration, more positive (aggressive) player ... To sum up, the simplest models of FOA yield testable implications, ...
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62 Cooperation and Bargaining and it's Impact on Studying ...
https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/cooperation-and-bargaining-and-its-impact-on-studying-international-politics/
Essentially a positive sum interaction between actors. Bargaining on the other hand results in a zero sum interaction between actors.
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63 Trade Wars: What do they mean? Why are ... - Economic Policy
https://www.economic-policy.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/998_Trade-Wars-What-Do-They-Mean.pdf
Here the threat of bargaining tariffs is needed to spur negotiations, because most of the positive-sum gains from reciprocal tariff ...
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64 COLLECTIVE BARGAINING: LEVELS AND COVERAGE*
https://www.oecd.org/els/emp/2409993.pdf
decentralisation in collective bargaining, and in labour relations more generally? lf so, ... is interpreted as a zero-sum game in which the growing.
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65 NEGOTIATIONS AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
https://www2.tesu.edu/tecep_desc/NEG-401.pdf
Positional bargaining. ○ Game theory. ○ Zero-sum, positive sum, and negative sum games. ○ Integrative negotiation. ○ Principled bargaining.
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66 Negotiation and the Size of the Pie - Baker Communications
https://www.bakercommunications.com/archive/jun12/negotiation060112.html
... to try for a “win-win” negotiation when haggling with a used car salesman. ... or competitive negotiation; fixed-pie negotiation, and zero-sum game.
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67 Bargaining and Repeated Games
https://web.stanford.edu/~jdlevin/Econ%20203/RepeatedGames.pdf
a sensible bargaining protocol might have many equilibria. A remarkable ... What does this imply for date zero? ... To avoid infinite sums, we assume δ < 1.
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68 Simultaneous Nash Bargaining with Consistent Beliefs∗
https://www.ed.ac.uk/sites/default/files/imports/fileManager/Burguet_R_April2012.pdf
be significantly positive if both players expect to obtain in that ... their disagreement payoffs sum up to an amount in excess of the worth of the.
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69 Household Bargaining and the Design of Couples' Income ...
https://www.iza.org/publications/dp/8830/household-bargaining-and-the-design-of-couples-income-taxation
The sign and the magnitude of the incentive term depend on the weight structure across couples. In some cases both terms have the same sign and imply a positive ...
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70 SOCIAL POWER: COERCION, AUTHORITATIVE ...
https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/TCH.CHAP20.HTM
Bargaining power involves two people having positive wants they can exchange. Each can forgo the gratification of one want in exchange for the other.
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71 Equity-Efficiency Tradeoffs in International Bargaining
https://gattonweb.uky.edu/faculty/Ederington/nash8.pdf
If you think of international trade negotiations as a bargaining game between ... implies that we are restricting our attention to positive-sum games.
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72 Collective bargaining, firm heterogeneity and unemployment
https://www.bde.es/f/webbde/SES/Secciones/Publicaciones/PublicacionesSeriadas/DocumentosTrabajo/11/Fich/dt1131e.pdf
incorporate positive firm-specific or sector-specific productivity shocks and ... sum that γ affects the bargaining equilibria, we are free to choose any ...
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73 Mediation and Game Theory
https://www.mediate.com/mediation-and-game-theory/
Whether the cooperation does take place, whether the parties realize positive sums, is another matter. Sometimes in non-zero sum situations the ...
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74 Negotiation Theory and the EU: The State of the Art
https://books.google.com/books?id=2YzfAQAAQBAJ&pg=PT105&lpg=PT105&dq=positive+sum+bargaining&source=bl&ots=kA0XIBnWKp&sig=ACfU3U1bVGpZrygx1XVrA2XdHN5cznBDhw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjzv7XO0-H7AhUITBoKHcyeAPYQ6AF6BQjhAhAD
Alternatively, in non-zero-sum bargaining settings, states' interests are not diametrically opposed, leading to the possibility that less conflictual ...
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75 A Bargaining Game Analysis of International Climate ...
https://philpapers.org/archive/BASABG.pdf
these models have solutions, in the form of equilibria, corresponding to possible positive outcomes – that is, agreements with the requisite emissions ...
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76 Bargaining and War: A Review of Some Formal Models"
https://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/faculty/baliga/htm/KERSurveySubmittedDecember15.pdf
stage one, because military strength gives bargaining power and will therefore ... positive probability, the bluff is called with positive probability, ...
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77 Bargaining in Game Theory. SEM-6
http://www.bajkulcollegeonlinestudy.in/StudyMaterialFinal/Economics/141%206th%20Sem%20Bargaining%20in%20Game%20Theory%20-%20Amitava%20Sarkar.pdf
Under the positive approach, the bargaining procedure is modeled in ... The gains from trade are represented by a sum of money, M, that is “on the table.
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78 How sensitive are bargaining outcomes to changes in ...
https://www.monash.edu/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/925406/how_sensitive_are_bargaining_outcomes_to_changes_in_disagreement_payoffs.pdf
decrease in that player's payoff from bargaining.5 Hence, the sum of the magnitudes of the two changes is ... positive payments in case of disagreement.
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79 Bargaining Under Liquidity Constraints: Nash vs. Kalai in the ...
https://www.dallasfed.org/-/media/documents/research/papers/2021/wp2113.pdf
relevance of two axiomatic bargaining solutions, the generalized Nash bargaining ... where both players' surpluses are positive (i.e., their participation ...
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80 Bargaining with Consequences: Leverage and Coercion in ...
https://www.hnlr.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/22/19HarvNegotLRev69-Kirgis.pdf
Abuses of negative leverage ought to be understood as grounds for contract unenforceability under the principle of duress, while abuses of positive leverage ...
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81 Freight Rail & Collective Bargaining
https://www.aar.org/article/freight-rail-and-collective-bargaining/
Under collective bargaining, the railroad industry negotiates with rail labor ... immediate lump sum payments for back pay and bonuses, and improvements to ...
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82 Illustrated examples of the effects of risk preferences ... - UNCG
https://libres.uncg.edu/ir/asu/f/Dickinson_David_2003_Illustrated_Examples.pdf
The author highlights bargaining examples that use expected utility theory. ... The two-bargainer IPF for a zero-sum bargaining game over a pie of size.
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83 Resource Allocation by Contest or Bargaining Abstract - Munin
https://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/2328/paper_2.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y
threat point to bargaining the contest the players jointly promote, sum of ... can be viewed as Tullock contest with a positive externality of effort on the ...
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84 Explaining Bargaining Impasse: The Role of Self-Serving Biases
https://www.sec.gov/rules/proposed/s71300/testimony/loewen1c.pdf
experimental economics research on bargaining and show that some of the ... argue that unrealistically positive self-evaluations promote happiness as well ...
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85 Unobserved-Offers Bargaining∗ | MIT Economics
https://economics.mit.edu/research/publications/unobserved-offers-bargaining
Conflict occurs with positive probability despite perfect in- formation about the players'preferences. Noisier monitoring of claims predicts ...
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86 collective bargaining agreement - Everett, WA
https://www.everettwa.gov/DocumentCenter/View/17783/CBA---IAFF
The City recognizes the Union as the sole and exclusive bargaining agent for ... shall have the sum equal to 1/11 th deducted from the next paycheck that ...
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87 Psychological Entitlement and Negotiation Attitudes
https://www.queensu.ca/emprpgms/sites/mir.queensu.ca/files/research-projects/Getting_to_Excess_Psychological_Entitlem%5B1%5D.pdf
tive and potentially positive-sum bargaining situations. The tendency of the entitled to see themselves as skilful—even in integrative tactics—suggests that ...
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88 Multi-Issue Bargaining in the Laboratory Olivier Bochet ...
https://nyuad.nyu.edu/content/dam/nyuad/academics/divisions/social-science/working-papers/2021/0070.pdf
gate surplus of an agreement (the sum of the gains from trade over all issues) is known to ... In expectation, 50% of the items contain a positive surplus.
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89 The Inherent Tension Between Value Creation and Value ...
https://scholarship.law.gwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1529&context=faculty_publications
most all settlement discussions as zero sum endeavors, ignoring the ... distributive bargaining techniques to claim more of the surplus for their own side.
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90 Interest-Based Bargainings' Impact on Collective Bargaining ...
https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1044&context=lrc_paper_series
Collective bargaining is typically when one party (labor) will negotiate ... collective bargaining will result in an outcome that's positive to their party ...
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91 Advancing a Distributive-Bargaining and Integrative ... - MDPI
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/6/4/115
by I Gan · 2017 · Cited by 8 —
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92 On the Strategic Disclosure of Feasible Options in Bargaining
https://economics.brown.edu/sites/default/files/papers/2011-5_paper.pdf
other component is the complementary number that guarantees a sum of 1. ... exists a subset Y of [0,1] with strictly positive measure such that bi(x ,y) ...
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93 Does the Principle of Convergence Really Hold? War ...
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-political-science/article/does-the-principle-of-convergence-really-hold-war-uncertainty-and-the-failure-of-bargaining/E346FFCB9721FE92A89F89426B23CB1D
In sum, we show that attrition behaviour trumps bargaining in war until one side's ... The expected value of fighting to the finish therefore turns positive ...
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94 Coalitional Bargaining Games: A New Concept of Value and ...
http://apps.olin.wustl.edu/faculty/gomes/Voting%20Game%20OA.pdf
all players follow strategy σ. Similarly, we can define the values vσ i (s,c) as the expected value of the discounted sum.
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95 The effects of collective bargaining systems on the productivity ...
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/irj.12325?af=R
by B Brandl · 2021 —
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